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Saint John Chrysostom

About Saint John Chrysostom

Saint John Chrysostom, one of the most celebrated Early Church Fathers, is renowned for his eloquent homilies and commentaries. He is one of the "Three Holy Hierarchs" in the Eastern Orthodox Church, alongside Basil the Great and Gregory the Theologian. The epithet "Chrysostom" means "golden-mouthed" in Greek, highlighting his exceptional oratorical skills. Many monasteries, including the Saint John Chrysostomos Greek Orthodox Monastery, honor his legacy and teachings.

Feast Day

November 13

Birth Place

Antioch, Turkey

Born

347

Reposed

September 14, 407
Saint John Chrysostom

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Early Life and Education

01

Early Life and Education

Born in 349 AD in Antioch, John came from a wealthy family. He received a classical Greek education, studying under the famous pagan rhetorician Libanius. Deeply moved by the Christian faith, John eventually chose a life dedicated to God over a promising secular career. His dedication is commemorated in various Orthodox institutions, including the Saint John Chrysostomos Greek Orthodox Monastery.

02

Ecclesiastical Career

John initially lived in seclusion in the mountains, embracing an ascetic lifestyle. However, due to health reasons, he returned to Antioch and was ordained a deacon and later a priest. His eloquent sermons attracted vast audiences, ranging from the common folk to the intellectual elite.

In 398 AD, John was consecrated the Archbishop of Constantinople. As archbishop, he initiated significant reforms in the Church, targeting clerical corruption and excesses. His straightforwardness and criticism of the lavish lifestyles of the elite often led to confrontations with the imperial court and other bishops.

Ecclesiastical Career

Later Life and Canonization

03

Later Life and Canonization

Saint John Chrysostom's literary legacy is extensive. His homilies and treatises addressed various theological, moral, and liturgical topics. His commentary on the Pauline epistles and the Gospel of Matthew are particularly revered. Additionally, the Divine Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom is celebrated by most Orthodox Christian communities on Sundays and significant feast days.

John's outspokenness resulted in multiple exiles. The final and most rigorous exile was imposed in 404 AD, causing his health to deteriorate rapidly. On September 14, 407 AD, while journeying to his designated place of exile, Saint John Chrysostom reposed in the city of Comana. His last words were "Glory to God for all things."

04

Legacy

Chrysostom's teachings, writings, and liturgical contributions left an indelible mark on Christianity. His emphasis on social justice, care for the poor, and the centrality of Scripture in the Christian life resonates with believers across generations.

For those interested in exploring more about Orthodox Saints, we invite you to explore our collection here. Discover the inspiring life and works of a saint who greatly impacted Orthodox spiritual life.

Legacy

Relics

Where are the relics of Saint John Chrysostom

The relics of Saint John Chrysostom are primarily housed in two locations - The Vatican: The major portion of his relics can be found in the Vatican. In 2004, Pope John Paul II gave a portion of these relics to the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, Bartholomew I, as a gesture of goodwill between the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. St. George's Patriarchal Cathedral in Istanbul: After the aforementioned gesture by Pope John Paul II, the relics given to Patriarch Bartholomew I were enshrined in St. George's Patriarchal Cathedral in the Phanar district of Istanbul, Turkey. It's worth noting that over the centuries, many relics have been moved or divided, so it's possible that smaller relics or fragments of Saint John Chrysostom might be venerated in other churches or locations as well.
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Written Works

The Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom

The Divine Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom is the most celebrated liturgy in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Known for its spiritual depth and heavenly beauty, this liturgy is a treasure of Christian worship. In this liturgical text, Saint John Chrysostom’s theological wisdom shines through, emphasizing the mystery of the Eucharist and Christ’s presence among the faithful. Whether you are an Orthodox Christian or exploring ancient liturgical practices, this is an essential text for understanding the beauty and reverence of Orthodox worship.

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The Homilies on the Gospel of St. Matthew, Vol. 1

In this collection of homilies on the Gospel of St. Matthew, Saint John Chrysostom unpacks the teachings and parables of Christ with remarkable clarity and pastoral wisdom. Volume 1 covers the early chapters of Matthew’s Gospel, providing insight into Christ’s teachings on the Kingdom of Heaven, the Beatitudes, and His miraculous healings. Chrysostom’s ability to bring out the moral and spiritual applications of Scripture makes this volume essential for both clergy and laypeople seeking to grow in their faith.

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The Homilies on the Gospel of St. John by St. John Chrysostom

Saint John Chrysostom’s Homilies on the Gospel of St. John offer profound theological and spiritual commentary on one of the most mystical Gospels in the New Testament. These homilies guide readers through key events in Christ’s life, such as the raising of Lazarus and the Last Supper, providing timeless insights into the nature of Christ as the Logos and His mission of salvation. Chrysostom’s eloquence and devotion to Scripture are evident throughout this text, making it a valuable resource for anyone studying the Gospel of John.

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The Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles

Saint John Chrysostom’s Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles present a detailed and inspiring exploration of the early Christian Church. Through these homilies, Chrysostom reveals the growth of the Church through the work of the Holy Spirit, the apostles' missionary journeys, and the establishment of Christian communities. His reflections on the faith and zeal of the apostles offer timeless lessons on evangelism, courage, and devotion to Christ. This collection is essential for understanding the foundation of the Christian Church.

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Homilies on Select Epistles of St. Paul: Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians, Timothy, Titus, Philemon

In these homilies on the Epistles of Saint Paul, Saint John Chrysostom expounds on Paul’s teachings with great depth and insight. Covering epistles such as Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, and more, Chrysostom explores themes of salvation, grace, Christian conduct, and the work of the Holy Spirit in the life of the Church. His profound commentary on these letters helps readers to grasp the theological richness and practical applications of Paul’s writings for daily Christian life.

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On the Priesthood

In On the Priesthood, Saint John Chrysostom reflects on the sacred and weighty responsibilities of the priesthood. Written as a dialogue with his close friend Basil, Chrysostom discusses the spiritual, pastoral, and moral challenges faced by priests. This work emphasizes the high calling of clergy to serve with humility, love, and unwavering devotion to Christ. On the Priesthood is an invaluable text for understanding the nature of pastoral leadership and is widely regarded as a classic in Christian theology.

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Homilies on Genesis 1-17

Saint John Chrysostom’s Homilies on Genesis 1-17 delve into the early chapters of the Old Testament, offering theological reflections on creation, the fall of man, and the lives of the patriarchs. His commentary on Genesis brings clarity to difficult passages and draws out the moral lessons of these ancient stories. Chrysostom's interpretations are filled with spiritual insight, making this an essential resource for those interested in understanding the beginnings of the biblical narrative and the profound spiritual truths they reveal.

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The Homilies of S. John Chrysostom on the Statues: Or, To the People of Antioch

Delivered during a time of political unrest, Saint John Chrysostom’s Homilies on the Statues are some of his most famous sermons. Addressed to the people of Antioch, these homilies urged repentance and faithfulness during a period when the city faced potential destruction due to riots. Chrysostom’s powerful preaching, full of passion and compassion, calls people to turn to God in times of crisis. These homilies remain relevant for their timeless message of repentance, trust in God, and civic responsibility.

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On Marriage and Family Life

In On Marriage and Family Life, Saint John Chrysostom offers practical advice and spiritual guidance on how to live a Christ-centered life within the context of marriage and family. He emphasizes the importance of love, respect, and mutual support between spouses, as well as the vital role of raising children in the faith. This book is a valuable resource for couples and families looking to deepen their relationships through Orthodox Christian principles.

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On Wealth and Poverty

In On Wealth and Poverty, Saint John Chrysostom addresses the Christian approach to material wealth and the responsibility of the faithful to care for the poor. Drawing on Scripture and his own pastoral experiences, he challenges readers to examine their attitudes toward wealth and possessions, urging them to practice generosity, humility, and compassion. This work offers timeless reflections on the dangers of greed and the blessings of almsgiving, making it a relevant and powerful read for Christians today.

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The Cult of the Saints

In The Cult of the Saints, Saint John Chrysostom reflects on the veneration of saints in the early Church. He explores the role of saints as intercessors, examples of faith, and sources of spiritual inspiration. His reflections provide valuable insight into the Orthodox understanding of sainthood and the deep connection between the faithful and the saints who have gone before them. This work is ideal for those interested in the theology of sainthood and the place of saints in Orthodox Christian worship.

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On Repentance & Defeating Despair: Letters to Theodore

On Repentance & Defeating Despair is a collection of letters that Saint John Chrysostom wrote to his close friend Theodore, who had fallen into despair after abandoning his monastic calling. In these heartfelt letters, Chrysostom offers words of comfort, urging Theodore to repent and not lose hope in God's mercy. This work is a profound reflection on repentance, forgiveness, and the struggle against despair, providing spiritual encouragement for those facing moments of weakness or doubt.

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Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians: and Homilies on the Epistles to the Ephesians

In this commentary and series of homilies, Saint John Chrysostom provides a rich theological exploration of Saint Paul's letters to the Galatians and Ephesians. His deep understanding of Paul's teachings on faith, grace, and salvation shines through, offering practical applications for Christian life. This collection is essential for those seeking a deeper understanding of Paul’s theology and the role of the Church in the spiritual life of believers.

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